App Notes

Learning

These sample app notes illustrate various features of eMote and the .NOW. They're designed to help you learn and you're free to download, modify, and use them as you please.

 

Introductory App Notes

   

GPIO Toggle

The simplest of app notes: toggle a GPIO output pin and see the effect with a multitester.

 

Hello World

Scroll "Hello World" on the eMote .NOW LCD.

 

On-Off Switch

Handle GPIO event interrupts and debounce a mechanical switch.

 

On-Off Switch with Serial Link to PC

Communicate between an eMote .NOW and a PC over a serial link.

 

Radio Signal Meter

Use the radio to communicate between eMote .NOWs and determine the quality of the signal.

 

Wireless Radio Ping-Pong

Use the radio to run a ping-pong protocol between two eMote .NOWs.

 

Serial Ping-Pong

Connect two .NOWs using a serial connection.

 

Accelerometer Freefall Detector

Configure the accelerometer on the Kiwi Multi-Sensor to detect acceleration.

 

Persistent Object Storage

Create and use persistent data that remains intact when eMote .NOW power is disconnected.

Intermediate App Notes

 

Low-Jitter RealTime Timer

Demonstrate the ultra-low jitter of the RealTime timer and compare it with the standard timer.

Data Collection & Analysis App Notes

 

BumbleBee Radar Data Collector

Collect data from the BumbleBee radar and store it on an SD card. The data can be exfiltrated later via the Data Collector Exfiltrator and Data Collector Host, and analyzed via the MatLab analysis scripts. You can use the app note as-is to collect radar data, or you can adapt it for your own data collection needs.

 

Kiwi Microphone Data Collector

Collect data from the Kiwi Multi-Sensor microphone and save it on a microSD card. The data can be exfiltrated later via the Data Collector Exfiltrator and Data Collector Host, and analyzed via the MatLab analysis scripts. You can use the app note as-is to collect microphone data, or you can adapt it for your own data collection needs.

 

Data Collector Exfiltrator

Read the raw (binary) data from the microSD card and send it over a seral link to computer running a program such as Data Collector Host. You can use the app note as-is to collect exfiltrate data, or you can adapt it for your own data collection needs.

 

Data Collector Host

Windows PC program. Receive binary data over the serial line and save it to a file. Intended for use in conjunction with the Data Collector Exfiltrator. You can use the app note as-is to collect receive data, or you can adapt it for your own data collection needs.

 

MATLAB Scripts

Snalyze and visualize the data via MATLAB scripts. You can use the scripts as-is or you can adapt them for your own data collection needs.

The eMote .NOW has built-in capabilities that are unavailable on any other Micro Framework platform, including real-time responsiveness, time synchronization, power management, persistent object storage and others. 

Real-time Performance

Samraksh eMote includes real-time capabilitiesv via a low-latency, low-jitter real-time timer that you can use to trigger time-critical actions.

Read more ...

DataStore: Fast, Low-Power Persistent Data Storage

The DataStore class gives fast, low-power, convenient, object-oriented, persistent data storage using the on-board NOR flash memory. It also extends the life of the flash by spreading writes over the entire flash. See the Persistent Data Storage app note for an example.

Read more ...

 

Much effort has gone into wireless ad-hoc networking protocols for small, battery operated computers. Generally, these protocols do not scale well as the complexity of communication of increases rapidly, especially when mobility is required for ad hoc networks.

We approach the scaling problem of mobile ad hoc by avoiding general protocols in favor of protocols that require only limited knowledge but that cover wide ranges of problems.


Far Out Networking   Application Specific Network Patterns (0.11)

For an overview, see the presentation and the report that came out of our involvement with DARPA's Symposium on Far Out Networking.

Following are papers that go in depth into some of our results. 

 
 

 


The Census Protocol: Visiting Every Node in a Large Mobile Ad-hoc Network

Visiting every node in a network is important but in a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) it's hard because of the high messaging overhead to maintain the structure during mobility. Census uses a gossip-style protocol with short, local gradients that guide it towards unvisited nodes. We show robustness and scaling for 150 to 4000 nodes.

This work was supported in part by Defense Advanced Research Products Agency (DARPA)’s Fixed Wireless at a Distance program under contract FA8750-12-C-0278. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Approval for public release was granted by DARPA on April 25, 2014

Census: A protocol for Visiting All Nodes in MANETs Using Biased Random Walks (pdf)

 


The Repair-Time Scaling Wall for MANETs: Why it Happens and How to Extend It

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are often viewed as not scalable beyond about 100 nodes due to insufficient network capacity for supporting related control traffic. We find that this is not the bottleneck; rather the interaction between path failure and consequent repair limits scale. We consider the factors that contribute to this scaling wall and identify techniques to extend scaling limits.

This work was supported in part by Defense Advanced Research Products Agency (DARPA)’s Fixed Wireless at a Distance program under contract FA8750-12-C-0278. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Approval for public release was granted by DARPA on March 18, 2014.

On the Repair Time Scaling Wall for MANETs (pdf)

Be sure to check out the FAQ for details on how to setup and use the eMote .NOW, or visit the product page.

Why the eMote .NOW?

The wireless sensing network community was among Samraksh’s earliest customers. This group had specific needs, such as reliable wireless network that would work when sensors were deployed in a variety of configurations and power management.Samraksh developed robust built-in wireless and low power management solutions. Samraksh also noted that not every wireless sensing customer wanted to use the same set of sensors. To Samraksh, this meant an opportunity to develop a more general solution in which sensors could be integrated with the basic platform.

It’s been a number of years now and the demand for wireless networking is only growing. 

Meanwhle, the Maker/ Hobbyist community has also been growing. This community has a number of options for microcontrollers that support, well, various projects that we want to do. Recent entries include the Arduino and the Netduino.

The eMote .NOW is geared to supporting the Maker / Hobbyist community. While it delivers wireless networking out of the box, it also offers other features.

Look around the website and read of the notes on various facets of the eMote .NOW.

We talk about the software environment, about the board layout, about the first application board and about wireless networking.

 

eMote User's Guide for the .NOW

The .NOW comes with the eMOTE software installed and ready to use. The eMote User's Guide for the .NOW (pdf) will help get you started.

If, having installed Visual Studio and the SDK as directed in the user's guide, you still can't create a Micro Framework project, check this FAQ article.

Get the Samraksh proprietary DLLs you'll need here.

 

How The
BumbleBee
Radar Works

An Introductory Tutorial

The BumbleBee is a micro-power pulsed Doppler radar with complex output.

This introductory tutorial takes you gently through the theory that lies behind it.

Everything is kept at a conceptually high level so you don't need any special knowledge of math, radar or electronics.

   
 
How to exploit the rich information found in wireless sensor networks with low power radar.
   

Three papers that will introduce you to the concepts behind the GuardBee and BumbleBee radars.

  1. Begin: Introduction to Phase Utilization with Coherent Pulsed Doppler Radars.

  2. Core concepts: Exploiting Phase Information in Pulse Doppler Radars: High Relative Resolution For The Price Of Low Absolute Resolution.

  3. Advanced concepts: False Alarm Management using Phase Information for Displacement Detection.

 

Subcategories

Articles that describe eMote features such as real-time and power management, as well as class documentation such as DataStore.